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楚網管評之九:讓網絡文明既經天緯地又照臨四方

發(fā)布時間: 2012-08-05 07:49   來源: 荊楚網   進入電子報

    全國文明城市是我國目前對城市進行綜合評價的最高榮譽稱號。8月底至9月初中央文明辦將到漢開展新一輪城市文明程度指數測評。測評人員將以游客身份在參測城市以各種方式和市民接觸，包括"問路"或"求助"。

    扮作游客實地接觸市民固然不錯，其實倒有更低成本的測試方法，就是--上網。網絡空間既虛擬又匿名，打開當地網站，文明與否一覽無遺，豈不比街頭測試更好。在網絡上市民都能做到相互友愛和關心，現實生活中的文明還會有問題嗎？咱們生活在同一個城市，對它充滿著感情，每個人都希望它是充滿活力且文明的。但，"文明"究竟是什么，只是見面說聲"你好"那么簡單嗎？

    "文明"一詞，最早出自《易經》，曰"見龍在田、天下文明。" 龍出現在田間，有利于大德之人出來治事。文明的"文"字，古語與"交"字同意，陰陽交叉而生文。故"文"在以前就是很漂亮很美好的圖案，天下文明就是天下美麗。唐代孔穎達注疏《尚書》時將"文明"解釋為:"經天緯地曰文，照臨四方曰明。""經天緯地"意為改造自然，屬物質文明；"照臨四方"意為驅走愚昧，屬精神文明。

    近年我們的網絡發(fā)展很快，據CNNIC統計：截至 2012年6月底，中國網民數量達到5.38億，互聯網普及率為39.9%，可謂"經天緯地"。從人類社會發(fā)展歷史看，物質文明一般是先于精神文明發(fā)展，具體到網絡這個事情上，好像也是"照臨四方"沒完全解決。

    網絡文明是一種共性文明。網絡消弭了人與人之間政治經濟文化差異，從單向傳播成為了集體的雙向交換，為集體共性的施展創(chuàng)造了環(huán)境。如同全人類的每一次科技進步，都將給人類文明帶來巨大的推動力。網絡也將帶來高于工業(yè)社會的文明，一種建立在集體價值挖掘上的共性文明。

    著名互聯網學者克萊·舍基在《認知盈余》一書中說，人們的自由時間除了用于內容消費，還用于內容創(chuàng)造與分享，而后者的價值遠遠大于前者。這解釋了為什么微博140字的只言片語受到數億人的歡迎，因為他們正在進行一項集體的協作--將彼此的思想、知識等"認知盈余"進行分享。

    克萊·舍基講了"認知盈余"對人類網絡文明的貢獻，但沒有翻開硬幣的另一面。在另外一面，因為網絡的海量、匿名、虛擬，"危害盈余"破壞力驚人。正如人人都奉獻出自己多余的一點思想與知識，網絡世界變得那么美好；人人都釋放自己多余的一點放縱與惡意，這種"集體協作"，將把網絡世界變得多么恐怖。

    實事求是說，在網絡上制造謠言、暴力、低俗的個人而言，付出的成本和代價比現實中低得多，這也是少數人肆無忌憚破壞網絡文明的原因。但網民們應該認識到，少數人破壞產生的成本，將由網民們"集體承擔"。如果不形成針對網絡不文明行為，人人喊打的氛圍，那么網絡將成為私利爭斗的角斗場、低俗文化的垃圾場、利益追逐的名利場、集體文明的粉碎場，最終會毀掉人人都離不開的網絡，由所有人接受這一苦果。

    衷心預祝武漢沖擊文明城市成功，也衷心希望咱們的網絡文明，成為城市文明的重要標志，"照臨四方"。（作者：謝湖偉）

(本文來源：荊楚網 編輯：劉鄲)
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